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Macroscopic Modeling of Traffic in Congested Cities: Empirical Evidence, Analytical Derivations and Control Applications；拥挤城市交通宏观模型：经验证据、分析推导和控制应用
Macroscopic Modeling of Traffic in Congested Cities: Empirical Evidence, Analytical Derivations and Control Applications；拥挤城市交通宏观模型：经验证据、分析推导和控制应用 |
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| 课程网址: |
http://videolectures.net/ccss09_geroliminis_mmoticc/
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| 主讲教师: |
Nikolas Geroliminis
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| 开课单位: |
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota
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| 开课时间: |
2009-07-10
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| 课程语种: |
英语
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| 中文简介: |
已经提出了各种理论来描述城市中的车辆交通运动。他们无法创建一个具有可变输入和输出的宏观模型，这些输入和输出可以动态地描述高峰时段。这项工作表明，对于城市的社区，存在一个宏观基础图（MFD），该图将城市社区的生产（平均流量和网络长度的乘积）和积累（平均密度和网络长度的乘积）联系起来，数量级为5 - 10 km2。它还表明，有条件累积的大型网络的行为是可预测的，并且独立于其原点-目的地表。这些结果基于对大型城市网络的模拟和城市大都市区的真实数据的分析。提出并测试了针对不同类型的网络存在MFD的规律性条件。对真实数据的进一步分析表明，MFD不是可以描述任何类型的大型网络的通用配方。例如，空间不均匀网络或非冗余网络的MFD（如高速公路交通系统）是高度分散的。基于变分理论的分析模型描述了至少部分由交通信号控制的城市社区的网络结构与网络MFD之间的联系。MFD用于开发基于邻域累积和速度的控制策略，并提高可达性，而不会产生基于预测的方法固有的不确定性。
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| 课程简介: |
Various theories have been proposed to describe vehicular traffic movement in cities on an aggregate level. They fall short to create a macroscopic model with variable inputs and outputs that could describe a rush hour dynamically. This work shows that a Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) relating production (the product of average flow and network length) and accumulation (the product of average density and network length) exists for neighborhoods of cities in the order of 5 − 10 km2. It also demonstrates that conditional on accumulation large networks behave predictably and independently of their Origin-Destination tables. These results are based on analysis using simulation of large scale city networks and real data from urban metropolitan areas. Regularity conditions under which an MFD exists for different types of networks are proposed and tested. Further analysis of real data shows that an MFD is not a universal recipe that can describe any type of large network. For example, MFDs for spatially inhomogeneous networks or non-redundant networks, like freeway traffic systems, are highly scattered. An analytical model based on Variational Theory describes the connection between network structure and a network’s MFD for urban neighborhoods controlled at least in part by traffic signals. The MFD is applied to develop control strategies based on neighborhood accumulation and speeds and improve accessibility without the uncertainty inherent in forecast-based approaches.
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| 关 键 词: |
拥挤城市交通宏观模型; 经验证据; 分析推导和
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| 课程来源: |
视频讲座网
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| 数据采集: |
2020-09-28：wyr
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| 阅读次数: |
34
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