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学习图形匹配

Learning Graph Matching
课程网址: http://videolectures.net/mlg07_smola_lgm/  
主讲教师: Smola Alexander J
开课单位: 亚马逊公司
开课时间: 2007-08-27
课程语种: 英语
中文简介:
图形匹配作为模式识别中的一个基本问题,在计算机视觉领域得到了广泛的应用。在图形匹配中,模式被建模为图形,模式识别相当于发现不同图形节点之间的对应关系。问题有很多种表述方式,但大多数都可以概括为二次分配问题,其中目标函数中的线性项编码节点兼容函数,二次项编码边缘兼容函数。由于二次分配问题是NP难问题,因此本课题的主要研究重点是设计求解二次分配问题的有效算法。在本文中,我们将注意力转向互补性问题:如何估计兼容性函数,从而使结果图匹配问题的解决方案与人类手动提供的预期解决方案最佳匹配。我们提供了一种学习图形匹配的方法:培训示例是图形对,而“标签”是图形对之间的匹配。通过对实际图像数据的实验,证明了学习可以提高标准图匹配算法的性能。特别是,结果表明,采用这种学习方案的线性分配可以改善最先进的二次分配松弛。这一发现表明,对于一系列问题,二次分配被认为是确保良好结果的关键,线性分配,这是更有效的,可以仅仅是足够的学习进行。这使得图形匹配速度提高了4个数量级,同时保持了最先进的准确性。
课程简介: As a fundamental problem in pattern recognition, graph matching has found a variety of applications in the field of computer vision. In graph matching, patterns are modeled as graphs and pattern recognition amounts to finding a correspondence between the nodes of different graphs. There are many ways in which the problem has been formulated, but most can be cast in general as a quadratic assignment problem, where a linear term in the objective function encodes node compatibility functions and a quadratic term encodes edge compatibility functions. The main research focus in this theme is about designing efficient algorithms for solving approximately the quadratic assignment problem, since it is NP-hard. In this paper, we turn our attention to the complementary problem: how to estimate compatibility functions such that the solution of the resulting graph matching problem best matches the expected solution that a human would manually provide. We present a method for learning graph matching: the training examples are pairs of graphs and the “labels” are matchings between pairs of graphs. We present experimental results with real image data which give evidence that learning can improve the performance of standard graph matching algorithms. In particular, it turns out that linear assignment with such a learning scheme may improve over state-of-the-art quadratic assignment relaxations. This finding suggests that for a range of problems where quadratic assignment was thought to be essential for securing good results, linear assignment, which is far more ef icient, could be just sufficient if learning is performed. This enables speed-ups of graph matching by up to 4 orders of magnitude while retaining state-of-the-art accuracy.
关 键 词: 图形匹配; 计算机视觉领域; 线性项编码; 相容性函数
课程来源: 视频讲座网
最后编审: 2020-05-29:吴雨秋(课程编辑志愿者)
阅读次数: 50