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干细胞的表观遗传调控
7.347 Epigenetic Regulation of Stem Cells (MIT) |
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| 课程网址: |
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/biology/7-347-epigenetic-regulation-of...
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| 主讲教师: |
Dr. Eric Williams; Dr. Vidya Subramanian
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| 开课单位: |
麻省理工学院
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| 开课时间: |
信息不详。欢迎您在右侧留言补充。
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| 课程语种: |
英语
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| 中文简介: |
在发育过程中，一个单一的全能细胞产生了大量存在于成年人体中的细胞类型，但是每个细胞基本上都有相同的DNA序列。当细胞分化时，不同的基因集必须被协调地激活和抑制，最终导致一种特定于细胞类型的基因表达模式和特定的细胞命运。在真核生物中，DNA被包装成一种复杂的蛋白质超结构，称为染色质。染色质的修饰和重组在协调从多能干细胞向完全分化的细胞类型转变所需的细胞类型特异性基因表达程序中起着关键作用。表观遗传学是指在染色质中发生的不改变原始DNA序列的遗传性变化。这门课将关注表观遗传调控在发育命运方面的作用，并考虑到所讨论的表观遗传机制具有广泛的含义，包括表面正常的细胞如何转化为癌细胞。这门课程是麻省理工学院生物学系提供的众多高级本科研讨会之一。这些研讨会是为有兴趣使用初级研究文献的学生量身定制的，旨在在高度互动的环境中讨论和学习当前的生物研究。许多高级本科生研讨会的导师都是对教学有浓厚兴趣的博士后科学家。
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| 课程简介: |
During development a single totipotent cell gives rise to the vast array of cell types present in the adult human body, yet each cell has essentially the same DNA sequence. As cells differentiate, distinct sets of genes must be coordinately activated and repressed, ultimately leading to a cell-type specific pattern of gene expression and a particular cell fate. In eukaryotic organisms, DNA is packaged in a complex protein super structure known as chromatin. Modification and reorganization of chromatin play a critical role in coordinating the cell-type specific gene expression programs that are required as a cell transitions from a pluripotent stem cell to a fully differentiated cell type. Epigenetics refers to such heritable changes that occur in chromatin without altering the primary DNA sequence. This class will focus on the role of epigenetic regulation with respect to developmental fate and also consider the fact that the epigenetic mechanisms discussed have broad implications, including how seemingly normal cells can be transformed into cancerous cells. This course is one of many Advanced Undergraduate Seminars offered by the Biology Department at MIT. These seminars are tailored for students with an interest in using primary research literature to discuss and learn about current biological research in a highly interactive setting. Many instructors of the Advanced Undergraduate Seminars are postdoctoral scientists with a strong interest in teaching.
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| 关 键 词: |
DNA序列; 细胞分化; 染色质; 基因表达; 表观遗传学
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| 课程来源: |
信息不详。欢迎您在右侧留言补充。
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| 最后编审: |
2017-04-08：lkn
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| 阅读次数: |
59
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