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自发对称性在波动水平上的突破Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking at the Fluctuating Level |
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| 课程网址: | http://videolectures.net/cyberstat2012_hurtado_spontaneous_symmet... |
| 主讲教师: | Pablo I. Hurtado Fernández |
| 开课单位: | 格拉纳达大学 |
| 开课时间: | 2012-10-16 |
| 课程语种: | 英语 |
| 中文简介: |  |
| 课程简介: | Phase transitions not allowed in equilibrium steady states may happen however at the fluctuating level. We observe for the first time this striking and general phenomenon measuring current fluctuations in an isolated diffusive system. While small fluctuations result from the sum of weakly-correlated local events, for currents above a critical threshold the system self-organizes into a coherent traveling wave which facilitates the current deviation by gathering energy in a localized packet, thus breaking translation invariance. This results in Gaussian statistics for small fluctuations but non-Gaussian tails above the critical current. Our observations, which agree with predictions derived from hydrodynamic fluctuation theory, strongly suggest that rare events are generically associated with coherent, self-organized patterns which enhance their probability. |
| 关 键 词: | 波动水平; 平衡稳态; 电流波动 |
| 课程来源: | 视频讲座网 |
| 最后编审: | 2019-03-10：cwx |
| 阅读次数: | 36 |