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划定物种和分类学的综合方法：从高度结构化的节肢动物类群中学到的经验教训Integrative approaches to delimiting species and taxonomy: lesson learned form highly structured arthropod taxa |
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| 课程网址: | http://videolectures.net/eca2012_bond_species/ |
| 主讲教师: | Jason Bond |
| 开课单位: | 奥本大学 |
| 开课时间: | 2013-03-13 |
| 课程语种: | 英语 |
| 中文简介: |  |
| 课程简介: | Advances in molecular techniques over the past decades have significantly shaped the field of systematics and taxonomy. Approaches to species delimitation that employ methods like DNA barcoding and generalized mixed Yule coalescent models are seemingly attractive because they present a more simplified solution to a putative “crisis” in taxonomy; that is, thereare simply too few taxonomists to document biodiversity on our planet within a reasonabletime period using traditional, often morphology-based taxonomic approaches. Nevertheless,the vast majority of spider species are, and continue to be, described on the basis of morphological features (often single character systems). Given the importance of species discovery to all fields within the biological sciences and to addressing the global biodiversity crisis, it is disturbing that the notion that taxon-based scholars can be replaced by mere technicians is being promulgated. Our molecular-based studies of arthropod taxa (e.g., mygalomorph spiders) have demonstrated that these taxa are often highly structured from a population genetic or phylogeographic perspective despite being relatively morphologically homogenous.Consequently, molecular approaches to species delimitation often grossly overestimate diversity whereas morphology-based species delineation underestimates it. It is clear that neither of these approaches taken alone is optimal and thus the field of taxonomy must employ a broader perspective that entails species hypotheses based on multiple lines of evidence. Through a process of reciprocal illumination, studies of mygalomorph species demonstrate that integrating morphological, ecological, and molecular-based approaches is the only way to ensure that our taxonomy reflects evolutionary diversity. |
| 关 键 词: | 分子技术; 分类学; 系统学; 节肢动物类群 |
| 课程来源: | 视频讲座网 |
| 最后编审: | 2019-03-19：lxf |
| 阅读次数: | 87 |