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有效控制犯罪与人权保障之间的犯罪政策

Crime Policy between Effective Crime Control and Human Rights Protection
课程网址: http://videolectures.net/esc09_selih_cpbe/  
主讲教师: Alenka Šelih
开课单位: 斯洛文尼亚科学艺术学院
开课时间: 2009-10-30
课程语种: 英语
中文简介:
犯罪政策一直面临两难境地:人权标准是否应该得到维护,或者有效期是否会加强。对于中欧和东欧国家来说,这种困境特别重要,因为人权一直是1990年代民主化进程中的激励因素。 20世纪90年代以后发生的社会变革恰逢“自由世界”中犯罪政策的不断变化:自由和人道的犯罪政策已经被沙漠,法律和秩序以及该领域的其他惩罚政策逐渐取代。过去十年中的犯罪政策发展,尤其是在911事件之后,特别是以更高的效率为目标 - 同样以人权为代价。不同欧洲国家的犯罪政策采取了削弱人权标准的措施;在某些情况下,犯罪区域已扩展到刑事犯罪之外;在其他情况下,执法措施可适用于非常远程连接或根本不与刑事犯罪有关的人。立法以及欧洲和国家一级的执行机构都采取了明确无视人权标准的政策和措施。经济危机可能是未来犯罪政策取向的测试点:是否会以新的方式进入一个完全惩罚的方向,或者是否可以通过尊重人权标准来实现其早期目标 - 有效性?
课程简介: Crime policy has been facing the dilemma of whether human rights standards should be upheld or the effectiveness strengthened for quite some time. For the Central and East European countries this dilemma is of particular importance because human rights have been the motivating factor in the processes of the 1990ies democratization. Social changes that occurred after the 1990ies have coincided with an ongoing change in crime policy in the “free world”: the liberal and humane crime policy has been slowly replaced by just desert, law and order and other more punitive policies in this field. Crime policy developments in the last decade, especially after 9/11, have been especially oriented towards achieving greater effectiveness – also at the cost of human rights. Crime policies in different European countries have adopted measures that either diminished human rights standards; in some cases, zone of criminality has been extended beyond criminal offences; in others, law enforcements measures can be applied to persons very remotely connected or not connected at all to the criminal offence. Policies and measures, clearly disregarding human rights standards, have been taken by legislative as well as executive authorities at the European as well as at national levels. The economic crisis may be the testing point for future orientation of crime policy: is it going into a fully punitive direction, or may it be oriented towards its earlier goals – effectiveness by respecting human rights standards – in new ways?
关 键 词: 犯罪政策; 人权标准; 法律
课程来源: 视频讲座网
最后编审: 2020-07-31:yumf
阅读次数: 63