图 书 馆
自组织临界Self Organized Criticality |
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| 课程网址: | http://videolectures.net/NTUcomplexity2017_chew_self_organized_cr... |
| 主讲教师: | Chew Lock Yue |
| 开课单位: | 南洋理工大学 |
| 开课时间: | 2017-04-03 |
| 课程语种: | 英语 |
| 中文简介: |  我们的自然世界很复杂。这可以通过以下事实来概括：我们在我们周围观察到的模式和动力学既不是纯规则的，也不是完全无序的。它们似乎处于规则性和随机性机制之间的某个位置，好像处于临界状态。这是自组织临界理论向我们传达的观点，本讲座的目的是使这一观点具体化。特别地，我们所说的临界是什么意思，它如何以自组织的方式出现？为什么尽管有很多提出描述单个系统的理论，但自组织的临界度却被认为是具有牢固数学基础的复杂系统的第一个通用理论？为了回答这些问题，本讲座将深入研究自组织临界性科学：其理论框架，数学结构和实验验证。讲座将讨论这个有趣而美丽的理论如何能够对各种复杂系统的潜在机制提供见解和理解，例如地震，生物进化，大脑以及交通拥堵，暴动和股市的社会和经济现象。崩溃。此外，讲座还将评估该理论的不足之处，其突出问题，最近的研究进展以及自不到30年前发现以来相关和互补思想的发展。 |
| 课程简介: | Our natural world is complex. This can be encapsulated by the fact that the patterns and dynamics that we observed around us are neither purely regular nor utterly disordered. They seem to perch somewhere between the regimes of regularity and randomness, as if in a state of criticality. This is the perspective conveyed to us by the theory of self-organized criticality, and the aim of this lecture is to make this perspective concrete. In particular, what do we mean by criticality and how does it arise in a self-organized manner? Why is self-organized criticality known to be the first general theory of complex systems with a firm mathematical basis even though there are many theories proposed to describe individual systems? In order to answer these questions, the lecture will delve into the science of self-organized criticality: its theoretical framework, mathematical structure and experimental validation. The lecture will discuss how this intriguing and beautiful theory is able to provide insights and understanding on the underlying mechanisms of diverse complex systems, such as earthquakes, biological evolution, the brain, and the social and economic phenomena of traffic jams, riots and stock market crashes. In addition, the lecture will also evaluate on the inadequacies of the theory, its outstanding issues, recent research progress, as well as the development of related and complementary ideas since its discovery less than thirty years ago. |
| 关 键 词: | 自组织; 临界度; 潜在机制 |
| 课程来源: | 视频讲座网 |
| 数据采集: | 2020-11-22：cjy |
| 最后编审: | 2020-11-22：cjy |
| 阅读次数: | 76 |