图 书 馆
权力法的产生Emergence of Power Laws |
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| 课程网址: | http://videolectures.net/NTUcomplexity2017_thurner_power_laws_eme... |
| 主讲教师: | Stefan Thurner |
| 开课单位: | 维也纳医科大学 |
| 开课时间: | 2017-04-03 |
| 课程语种: | 英语 |
| 中文简介: |  幂定律从哪里来？ 存在着一些著名的机制，这些机制可以动态地导致复杂动态系统中的定律扩展，包括优先依附过程和自组织临界。迄今为止，一种极其简单和透明的机制被忽略了。我们提出了一个数学定理，该定理指出，每个随机过程都会随着时间的推移减少其可能结果的数量，从而导致所谓的样本空间减少过程（SSR）的频率分布中出现幂律。我们证明了有针对性的网络扩散正是这样的SSR过程，因此我们可以了解访问自然界中普遍存在的分布的幂律的起源。我们进一步评论其他示例，这些示例中SSR流程能够解释观察到的缩放定律的起源。 |
| 课程简介: | Where do power laws come from? There exist a handful of famous mechanisms that dynamically lead to scaling laws in complex dynamical systems, including preferential attachment processes and self-organized criticality. One extremely simple and transparent mechanism has so-far been overlooked. We present a mathematical theorem that states that every stochastic process that reduces its number of possible outcomes over time, leads to power laws in the frequency distributions of that so-called sample-space-reducing process (SSR). We show that targeted diffusion on networks is exactly such a SSR process, and we can thus understand the origin of power law visiting distributions that are ubiquitous in nature. We further comment on other examples where SSR processes are able to explain the origin of observed scaling laws. |
| 关 键 词: | 权力法; 定律扩展; 样本空间减少过程 |
| 课程来源: | 视频讲座网 |
| 数据采集: | 2020-11-29：cjy |
| 最后编审: | 2020-11-29：cjy |
| 阅读次数: | 30 |