讲座7:重量感知重力无重量自由下落轨道零重力(错误名称)Lecture 7: Weight - Perceived Gravity - Weightlessness Free Fall - Zero Gravity in Orbit (misnomer) |
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课程网址: | http://videolectures.net/mit801f99_lewin_lec07/ |
主讲教师: | Walter H. G. Lewin |
开课单位: | 麻省理工学院 |
开课时间: | 2008-10-10 |
课程语种: | 英语 |
中文简介: | 1。什么是体重? p> 体重是体重秤对您施加的力。当您乘坐电梯加速时,体重会增加;当电梯向下加速时,您的体重小于正常体重;而当电梯自由下落时,您的体重为零。当您用绳子悬挂时,重量由绳子的张力指示。 p> 2。无质量弦中的张力: p> 考虑一串可忽略的质量,将无质量的两个物体悬挂在无摩擦销的两侧。这根绳子的张力到处都是一样的,因为绳子是“无质量的”并且销子没有摩擦。两个物体的质量不相等,但是两个物体的重量相同! p> 3。在弦上摇摆时的重量: p> 一个对象在垂直平面上的弦上旋转。当对象位于圆形轨迹的顶部和底部时,将评估弦中的张力。底部的拉力始终高于物体的正常重量,但是当物体在顶部时,拉力可以为零。在这种情况下,物体没有重量。 p> 4。自由落体的物体没有重量: p> 探究被抛向空中的网球的重量以及当Lewin教授从桌子上跳下来时他手中的一瓶水的重量。瓶子和Lewin可以自由下落,因此都没有重量。 p> 5。自由落体的重量测量: p> 浴室秤在跳下桌子称体重时,响应时间太慢,无法显示零重量。 Dave Truemper教授构建了一个具有10毫秒响应时间的秤(它使用压力计而不是弹簧)。 Lewin教授在秤上放置了一个10磅重的物体,我们看到秤指示了这一重量。然后,他将物体牢牢地绑在天平上,并将天平与天平从约2米处掉落。自由落体时物体的重量为零! p> 6。杨教授的“零重力”实验: p> NASA赞助了“零重力”实验来研究晕动病。这些是在飞机上创造的零重量环境(不是零重力),可以自由下落30秒钟。详细讨论了飞机的飞行轨迹(KC135),并显示了Young教授的视频片段之一。 p> |
课程简介: | 1. What is Weight? Weight is the force exerted on you by a bathroom scale. Your weight increases when you are in an elevator which is accelerated upward; you weigh less than your normal weight when the elevator is accelerating downward, and your weight is zero when the elevator is in free fall. When you hang from a rope, your weight is indicated by the tension in the rope. 2. Tension in Massless String: Consider a string of negligible mass suspending two objects with different mass on either side of a frictionless pin. The tension in this string is everywhere the same because the string is "massless" and the pin frictionless. The masses of the two objects are NOT equal but the weight of the two objects IS THE SAME! 3. Weight, when Swinging around on a String: An object is swirled around on a string in a vertical plane. The tension in the string is evaluated when the object is at the top and when it is at the bottom of its circular trajectory. The tension at the bottom is always higher than the normal weight of the object, but the tension can be zero when the object is at the top in which case the object is weightless. 4. Objects in Free Fall are Weightless: Exploring the weight of a tennis ball being tossed in the air, and of a bottle of water in Professor Lewin's hands when he jumps off a table. The bottle and Lewin are in free fall, thus both are weightless. 5. Weight Measurements of a Free Falling Object: Bathroom scales have too slow a response time to indicate your zero weight when you weigh yourself while jumping off a table. Professor Dave Truemper has built a scale with a response time of 10 ms (it uses pressure gauges instead of springs). Professor Lewin places a 10 lb object on the scale, and we see that the scale indicates this weight. He then tapes the object firmly to the scale and drops the scale with the object from about 2 meters. The weight of the object is zero during free fall! 6. Professor Young's "Zero Gravity" Experiments: NASA has sponsored "zero gravity" experiments to study motion sickness. These are zero weight environments (not zero gravity) created in air planes which free fall for 30 seconds. The air plane's (a KC135) trajectory is discussed in detail, and one of Professor Young's video clips is shown. |
关 键 词: | 零重力; 物理; 自由落体 |
课程来源: | 视频讲座网 |
数据采集: | 2021-01-31:nkq |
最后编审: | 2021-01-31:nkq |
阅读次数: | 57 |