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宏观进化：善与恶的根源深入人心
Macroevolution: The roots of good and evil go deep in time |
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| 课程网址: |
http://videolectures.net/kolokviji_domazet_loso_macroevolution/
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| 主讲教师: |
Tomislav Domazet-Lošo
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| 开课单位: |
Ruđer Bošković研究所
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| 开课时间: |
2015-02-03
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| 课程语种: |
英语
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| 中文简介: |
虽然肿瘤的分子本质在脊椎动物中得到了很好的研究，但它们的进化起源仍然未知。特别是，没有证据表明前双边动物（如海绵动物和蛇床子动物）中存在自然发生的肿瘤。我们提供了两种水螅中自然发生的肿瘤的第一个证据，这表明转录组模拟脊椎动物癌症中的表达变化，这表明自发肿瘤具有深刻的进化根源，早期分支动物可能在揭示肿瘤发生的基本机制方面提供信息。我还将讨论复杂脊椎动物大脑的进化根源。对发育中的斑马鱼（Danio rerio）基因表达模式的系统地层学分析揭示了脊椎动物大脑进化史上的三个重要时期。最引人注目的发现是现存的脊椎动物脑组织已经存在于脊索动物的祖先中。这将脊椎动物大脑的起源与寒武纪动物门之间的进化军备竞赛联系起来。
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| 课程简介: |
Although the molecular nature of tumours is well studied in vertebrates, their evolutionary origin remains unknown. In particular, there is no evidence for naturally occurring tumours in pre-bilaterian animals, such as sponges and cnidarians. We provide the first evidence for naturally occurring tumours in two species of Hydra, which show a transcriptome that mimics expression shifts in vertebrate cancers suggesting that spontaneous tumours have deep evolutionary roots and that early branching animals may be informative in revealing the fundamental mechanisms of tumorigenesis. I will also discuss the evolutionary roots of the complex vertebrate brain. A phylostratigraphic analysis of gene expression patterns in the developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) revealed three important periods in the evolutionary history of the vertebrate brain. The most striking is the finding that the extant vertebrate brain organization was already present in the chordate ancestor. This links the origin of the vertebrate brain with the evolutionary arms race between animal phyla that took place in the Cambrian.
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| 关 键 词: |
肿瘤; 水螅; 复杂脊椎动物大脑
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| 课程来源: |
视频讲座网
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| 数据采集: |
2021-12-14：nkq
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| 最后编审: |
2021-12-14：nkq
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| 阅读次数: |
22
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