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控制显性注意

Control of overt attention
课程网址: http://videolectures.net/bbci2014_koenig_overt_attention/  
主讲教师: Peter König
开课单位: 奥斯纳布吕克大学
开课时间: 2014-04-03
课程语种: 英语
中文简介:
现代认知理论强调身体与环境相互作用的作用。眼球运动是感觉加工和运动行为之间如此密切关系的一个主要例子。在他们的一生中,人类的眼球运动比任何其他类型的行为都要多。因此,它们为观察认知过程提供了一个独特的窗口。在最近技术和算法进步的推动下,将电生理方法(EEG、MEG)与眼动研究相结合,对控制眼动的计算特性和生理机制的研究已成为研究兴趣的焦点。事实上,基于结合低水平图像特性的显著性地图的概念,可以在很大程度上预测眼球运动。这在重复呈现相同刺激时得以维持。重要的是,操纵图像属性表明,这种预测能力至少在一定程度上是一种真正的因果机制。然而,功能磁共振成像和临床研究表明,生理基质并不位于早期视觉皮层,而是位于更高水平的区域。这与在自然条件下观察情绪对观看行为的影响是一致的。最后,我们可以证明,显性视觉注意是知觉知觉的一个因果因素。总之,这些研究有助于认知科学的语用转向,并倡导一种具体化的认知观。
课程简介: Modern theories of cognition emphasize the role of bodily interactions with the environment. Eye movements are a prime example of such an intimate relation of sensory processing and motor behavior. In their lifetime humans perform more eye movements than any other type of behavior. Hence, they provide a unique window for observation of cognitive processes. Fueled by recent technological and algorithmic advances the combination of electrophysiological methods (EEG, MEG) with the study of eye movements the investigation of computational properties and physiological mechanisms of the control of eye movements has moved into the focus of research interest. In fact, eye movements can be predicted to a substantial degree based on the concept of salience maps incorporating low level image properties. This is maintained across repeated presentation of identical stimuli. Importantly, manipulating image properties reveals that this predictive power is at least in part a true causal mechanism. Yet, fMRI and clinical studies show that the physiological substrate is not located in early visual cortex, but higher-level areas. This is compatible with the observation of the emotions' Impact on Viewing Behavior under Natural Conditions. Finally, we can demonstrate that overt visual attention is a causal factor of perceptual awareness. In sum, these studies contribute to the pragmatic turn in cognitive science and advocate an embodied view of cognition.
关 键 词: 现代认知理论; 眼球运动; 显性视觉注意
课程来源: 视频讲座网
数据采集: 2021-12-24:zkj
最后编审: 2021-12-24:zkj
阅读次数: 52