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加压素和催产素受体基因多态性与经济决策任务中亲社会行为的相关性
Association between genetic polymorphisms for vasopressin and oxytocin receptors and pro-social behavior in economic decision tasks |
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| 课程网址: |
http://videolectures.net/ephdcs08_israel_abgpfvaor/
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| 主讲教师: |
Salomon Israel
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| 开课单位: |
耶路撒冷希伯来大学
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| 开课时间: |
2008-10-15
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| 课程语种: |
英语
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| 中文简介: |
自达尔文以来，人类利他主义是一种普遍存在的现象，一直困扰着进化生物学家。经济游戏通过证明行为偏离了自私效用最大化的经济预测来说明人类的利他主义。一个最明显地表明这种利他倾向的游戏是独裁者游戏。我们假设人类的亲社会行为在某种程度上是固有的，可能导致利他行为个体差异的两个候选基因是精氨酸加压素受体（AVPR1a）和催产素受体（OXTR）。
一些哺乳动物（如田鼠）的基因已被证明对附属行为有着深远的影响。多项研究表明，这两种密切相关的神经肽是如何促进哺乳动物之间的社会交流和认知的；在目前的调查中，我们证明了AVPR1a和OXTR多态性在衡量利他和亲社会行为的两个经济游戏——独裁者游戏和社会价值取向（SVO）中预测了亲社会的资金分配。203名大学生参加了一次性在线版的独裁者游戏和SVO。受试者及其父母也进行了AVPR1a和OXTR的基因分型。使用基于家族的方法，我们观察到独裁者博弈和SVO的个体等位基因的优先传播。
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| 课程简介: |
Human altruism is a widespread phenomenon that has puzzled evolutionary biologists since Darwin. Economic games illustrate human altruism by demonstrating that behavior deviates from economic predictions of selfish utility maximization. A game that most plainly demonstrates this altruistic tendency is the Dictator Game. We hypothesized that human pro-social behavior is to some extent hardwired and that two likely candidate genes that may contribute to individual differences in altruistic behavior are the arginine vasopressin receptor (AVPR1a) and the oxytocin receptor (OXTR).
Genes that in some mammals such as the vole have been shown to have a profound impact on affiliative behaviors. Multiple studies have shown how the two closely related neuropeptides facilitate social communication, and cognition across mammals; in the current investigation, we demonstrate that AVPR1a and OXTR polymorphisms predict pro-social allocation of funds in two economic games that measure altruistic and pro-social behavior, the Dictator Game and Social Value Orientations (SVO). 203 college students participated in both a one-time online version of the Dictator game and SVO. Subjects and their parents were also genotyped for the AVPR1a and OXTR. Using a family-based method, we observed preferential transmission of individual alleles for the Dictator game and the SVO.
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| 关 键 词: |
经济预测; 行为个体差异; 等位基因
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| 课程来源: |
视频讲座网
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| 数据采集: |
2023-04-26：chenjy
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| 最后编审: |
2023-04-26：chenjy
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| 阅读次数: |
22
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