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逆向归纳:象棋、策略、和可信的威胁

Lecture 15 - Backward induction: chess, strategies, and credible threats
课程网址: http://videolectures.net/yaleecon159f07_polak_lec15/  
主讲教师: Benjamin Polak
开课单位: 耶鲁大学
开课时间: 2010-11-15
课程语种: 英语
中文简介:
我们首先讨论Zermelo的定理:像tic-tac-toe或chess这样的游戏有一个解决方案。也就是说,要么玩家1有办法强制获胜,要么玩家1有办法强制打平,或者玩家2有办法强制获胜。证据是通过归纳。然后我们正式定义并非正式地讨论这些游戏中的完美信息和策略。这允许我们在连续游戏中找到纳什均衡。但我们发现一些纳什均衡与反向归纳不一致。特别是,我们讨论了一个涉及威胁的例子,这个威胁被认为是均衡的,但似乎并不可信。
课程简介: We first discuss Zermelo's theorem: that games like tic-tac-toe or chess have a solution. That is, either there is a way for player 1 to force a win, or there is a way for player 1 to force a tie, or there is a way for player 2 to force a win. The proof is by induction. Then we formally define and informally discuss both perfect information and strategies in such games. This allows us to find Nash equilibria in sequential games. But we find that some Nash equilibria are inconsistent with backward induction. In particular, we discuss an example that involves a threat that is believed in an equilibrium but does not seem credible.
关 键 词: 逆向归纳; 象棋; 策略; 可信的威胁
课程来源: 视频讲座网
最后编审: 2020-06-09:liqy
阅读次数: 36