图 书 馆
自由能与主动推理Free energy and active inference |
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| 课程网址: | http://videolectures.net/cyberstat2012_friston_free_energy/ |
| 主讲教师: | Karl Friston |
| 开课单位: | 伦敦大学学院 |
| 开课时间: | 2016-10-16 |
| 课程语种: | 英语 |
| 中文简介: |  可以从基本原理中推断出我们与世界互动和经验的多少？这篇演讲回顾了最近的尝试，以理解像我们一样的具体主体的自组织行为，这是满足与环境持续交流的基本要求。简而言之，一种简单的驱动力似乎可以解释行动和感知的许多方面。该驱动力是使惊喜或预测误差最小化，在感知的上下文中，该误差或预测误差对应于贝叶斯最佳预测编码（抑制了外觉的预测误差），而在动作的上下文中则减小了经典的运动反射（抑制了本体感觉的预测误差）。我们将研究由这一单一原理产生的一些现象。例如感官轨迹（鸟的歌声和动作感知）的感知编码。这些感知能力取决于对世界的先前信念，但是这些信念来自何处？最后，我将讨论有关先验信念的性质以及它们如何为感官活动采样提供支持的最新建议。简而言之，为了最小化世界的令人惊讶的状态，有必要对输入进行采样，以最大程度地减少关于感觉输入原因的不确定性。当通过关于如何对世界进行采样的先前信念来实现这种最小化时，所产生的行为将极大地让人联想到在探索和视觉搜索中看到的那种搜索。 |
| 课程简介: | How much about our interactions with - and experience of - our world can be deduced from basic principles? This talk reviews recent attempts to understand the self-organised behaviour of embodied agents, like ourselves, as satisfying basic imperatives for sustained exchanges with the environment. In brief, one simple driving force appears to explain many aspects of action and perception. This driving force is the minimisation of surprise or prediction error that - in the context of perception - corresponds to Bayes-optimal predictive coding (that suppresses exteroceptive prediction errors) and - in the context of action - reduces to classical motor reflexes (that suppress proprioceptive prediction errors). We will look at some of the phenomena that emerge from this single principle; such as the perceptual encoding of sensory trajectories (bird song and action perception). These perceptual abilities rest upon prior beliefs about the world – but where do these beliefs come from? I will finish by discussing recent proposals about the nature of prior beliefs and how they underwrite the active sampling of the sensorium. Put simply, to minimise surprising states of the world, it is necessary to sample inputs that minimise uncertainty about the causes of sensory input. When this minimisation is implemented via prior beliefs - about how we sample the world - the resulting behaviour is remarkably reminiscent of searches of the sort seen in exploration and visual searches. |
| 关 键 词: | 自由能; 主动推理; 运动反射 |
| 课程来源: | 视频讲座网 |
| 数据采集: | 2020-09-27：zkj |
| 最后编审: | 2020-10-22：chenxin |
| 阅读次数: | 77 |