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社会生活的结构：社会交往如何塑造个体

The Weave of Social Life: How Social Interactions Shape the Individual
课程网址: http://videolectures.net/ccss09_fehr_twosl/  
主讲教师: Ernst Fehr
开课单位: 苏黎世大学
开课时间: 2009-07-10
课程语种: 英语
中文简介:
社会科学中最深层次的问题之一是社会的因果关系，即群体的属性对个人的属性的影响。这个问题的产生是因为个体影响群体的性质，反之亦然，因此很难找到因果关系。在这里，我们利用影响互联网社区属性的可能性来表明，社会交往密度较高的群体通常会使其成员更利他，更信任匿名陌生人。此外，更高密度的社会交往也会增加对那些报答恩惠的人的信任，而对那些不报答的人的信任则会减少，从而对不值得信任的人产生更强烈的内隐惩罚。最后，社会交往的增加也增强了个人的战略复杂性，提高了马基雅维利战略的流行率。这些结果表明，社会互动的密度对个人的偏好、信仰和行为有着深刻的影响，从而支持了社会学的社会观。
课程简介: One of the deepest problems in the social sciences concerns the causal impact of society, that is, of properties of the group, on the properties of individuals. This problem arises because individuals affect the properties of groups and vice versa such that it is very difficult to get at causality. Here we take advantage of the possibility to affect the properties of internet communities to show that groups with a higher density of social interactions render their members generally more altruistic and trusting towards anonymous strangers. Moreover, a higher density of social interactions also causes a boost in trust towards those who reciprocate favours while it diminishes trust towards those who fail to reciprocate, thus generating a much stronger implicit punishment for untrustworthy individuals. Finally, increased social contact also enhances the strategic sophistication of individuals and raises the prevalence of Machiavellian strategies. These results indicate that the density of social interactions has a deep impact on individuals’ preferences, beliefs, and behaviors, lending support to sociological views of society.
关 键 词: 社会结构; 社会交往; 社会学; 社会观
课程来源: 视频讲座网
最后编审: 2020-03-23：chenxin
阅读次数: 58

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